Aims: Studies described in this doctoral thesis aim to assess the efficacy and quality of interventions for organizational climate and culture in academic or research performing organizations, to determine the dominant ethical organizational climate in two separate schools at University of Split, to assess how employees percieve everyday work environment and evaluate the effect of virtue ethics based training on percieved and desired organizational ethical climate. Methods: First study, which aimed to assess the efficacy and quality of interventions for organizational climate and culture in academic and research performing organizations was a scoping review. Second study, which aimed to determine the dominant ethical climate at two schools was a cross-sectional study. Third study was a qualitative study, based on a reflective thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. Fourth study on a virtue ethics based intervention was a randomised controlled trial. Results: Our scoping review identified seven studies which measured the effect of interventions on organizational climate or culture, with six of them reporting improvements. Dominant climate at two schools were „Company rules and procedures“ and „Laws and professional codes“. Ethical organizational climate does not change with time. Employees are content with their working environment and make everyday decisions based on rules and laws. Intervention for ethical climate based on virtue ethics increases the perception of „Personal Morality“ ethical climate domain. Conclusions: Organizational climate is important for academic and research performing organizations. It can influence the number of cases of research misconduct, motivation and job satisfaction. Organizational climate in academic and research performing organizations can be improved, but the evidence for those interventions lacks scientific rigour. Organizational ethical climate is an appropriate outcome for evaluating, comparing and assessing change of climate in academic organizations. Education for responsible conduct of research based on virtue ethics can improve the perception of organizational ethical climate.