Abstract | Objectives: To investigate if the incidence of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes and perinatal
death differed the year before the start of COVID-19 pandemic compared to the year during
COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at
department of Pathology, Forensic and Cytology at University Hospital of Split within the time
span of March 1st 2019 to March 1st 2021. Data was collected from department of Pathology,
Forensic and Cytology and department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. All miscarriages,
intrauterine fetal demise and early neonatal death were obtained together with more specific
information such as: gestational week of fetus or age of neonate, mothers age, gender, as well
as previous obstetrical anamnestic data. Exclusion criteria where cases that lacked medical and
histopathological records, and induced abortions. ReCoDe classification system was used to
classify cases of perinatal death.
Results: This study included unfavorable pregnancies outcomes; miscarriage and intrauterine
fetal demise, as well as early perinatal death. Study groups were divided in two groups, the first
group referred as before COVID-19 pandemic and spanned from 1st of March 2019 to 29th of
February 2020, and the other group referred as during COVID-19 pandemic and covers time
frame from 1st of March 2020 to 1st of March 2021. During the investigated period, 691
miscarriages occurred, 56.7% before and 43.4% during COVID-19 pandemic. In miscarriage
there was no statistical difference in maternal age, gestational weeks, and incidence of habitual
miscarriages between the two groups. However, in the year during COVID-19 statistically
significant increase of patients who were pregnant at least one or two times prior compared to
year before. (P<0.0001). They also had a higher frequency of previous parity and miscarriage.
No statistically significant difference between the two groups studied in regard to stillbirth and
early/late neonatal death Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference between
studied groups in regards of ReCoDe subclassification for every perinatal cause of death.
Conclusion: There was no increase in unfavorable outcomes during pregnancy when
comparing the group before and the group during COVID-19 pandemic which points that the
healthcare for pregnant women treated at University Hospital of Split during COVID-19 did
not differ compared to the year before. |
Abstract (croatian) | Ciljevi: Istražiti postoji li razlika u učestalosti nepovoljnih ishoda trudnoće i perinatalne smrti
godinu dana prije početka pandemije COVID-19 u odnosu na godinu tijekom pandemije
COVID-19.
Materijal i metode: Retrospektivna studija, provedena je na odjelu Patologije, Kliničkog
zavoda za patologiju, sudsku medicinu i citologiju, KBC Split, u razdoblju od 1. ožujka 2019.
godine do 1. ožujka 2021. godine. Podaci su prikupljeni na odjelu patologije, te klinike za
ženske bolesti I porode. U studiji su uključeni svi spontani pobačaji, mrtvorođeni i rana
neonatalna smrt, te zabilježena je gestacijska dob, dob i spol novorođenčeta, spol, dob majke, i
prethodni opstetrički anamnestički podaci. Kriteriji isključenja su bili svi slučajevi bez dostatne
medicinske dokumentacije i/ili ukoliko analiza materijala nije učinjena na odjelu za patologiju.
Rezultati: Studija je uključila nepovoljne ishode trudnoće; spontani pobačaj i intrauterina smrt
fetusa, i rana perinatalna smrt. Ispitivane skupine su podjljene na sljedeći način: prva skupina
se odnosila na razdoblju prije pandemije COVID-19, od 1. ožujka 2019. do 29. veljače 2020.,
a druga skupina se odnosila na razdoblje pandemije COVID-19 i pokriva vremenski okvir od
1. ožujka 2020. do 1. ožujka 2021. Tijekom istraživanog razdoblja zabilježeno je 691 pobačaja,
56,7% prije i 43,4% tijekom pandemije COVID-19. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u dobi
majke, gestacijskoj dobi ili učestalosti pobačaja između isitivanih skupina. U skupini tijekom
COVID-19 pandemije bilo je više pacijentica koje su imale prethodne trudnoće u odnosu na
godinu prije, što je bilo statistički značajno (P<0,0001).
Također su imale veću učestalost prethodnog pariteta i pobačaja. Nije bilo statistički značajne
razlike obzirom na perinatalnu smrtnost, kao ni klasifikaciju iste prema ReCoDe klasifikaciji
između ispitivanih skupina.
Zaključci: Nije zabilježen porast nepovoljnih ishoda trudnoće u godini za vrijeme COVID-19
pandemije u usporedbi skupine, što ukazuje da se zdravstvena zaštita trudnica liječenih u KBC
ostala na zavidnoj razini unatoč teškim uvjetima zbog COVID-19 pandemije. |