Objectives: The research conducted at the Split University Hospital (UHC) aims to assess the effectiveness of pneumatic dilation in the treatment of achalasia. Monitoring patients over a one-year period through esophagograms or esophagogastroduodenoscopy enables tracking of recovery and recurrences. Subjects and methods: The research is conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology and involved a retrospective analysis of data from patients diagnosed with achalasia. The study included 23 patients diagnosed with achalasia who were treated with pneumatic dilation between 2013 and 2019. The examined patients included both male and female individuals, ranging in age from 39 to 83 years. The diagnosis of achalasia was established based on various diagnostic methods. Data were collected on preoperative preparation, dilation techniques, and postoperative care. Results: The study examined symptoms in patients before and after a medical procedure, revealing significant associations and changes. Women were more likely to experience dysphagia before the procedure, while older age had fewer regurgitation symptoms. Longer pain duration was linked to more frequent regurgitation but fewer painful episodes per week. The type of dilator used did not affect the procedure's effectiveness. One week after the procedure, there was a decrease in dysphagia, regurgitation, and retrosternal pain. One month and one year after the procedure, there was a further reduction in the frequency of dysphagia, but not regurgitation and retrosternal pain. There has been an increase in body weight one month and one year after the procedure compared to the body weight before the procedure and one week after the procedure. Disease severity and achalasia types did not significantly affect the response to pneumatic dilation. Conclusion: Sociodemographic characteristics are associated with achalasia symptoms before the procedure. The effectiveness of pneumatic dilation was not dependent on the type of dilator used. After the procedure, dysphagia decreased over the course of one year, while regurgitation and pain symptoms did not significantly change. Patients gained weight one month and one year after the procedure. The pneumatic dilation is an effective therapeutic option for treating achalasia, regardless of the severity of the disease and its type.