Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine attitudes towards sexual health, sexual behavior, and the level of self-esteem of students of medicine and health studies in comparison with students of other faculties at the University of Split. Respondents and Methods: A total of 432 respondents participated in this study. The research was conducted at the University of Split from May to June 2023 using an online questionnaire (Google Forms).This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Split School of Medicine. Statistical analysis of the data included the Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Female students at the University of Split showed greater concern for sexual health than male students. They had a more positive attitude towards contraception compared to their male colleagues and were less inclined to evaluate the behavior of men and women with double standards (P<0.001). Students who were currently in a relationship had a greater awareness of the use of contraceptives. Compared to students of other components at the University of Split, medical students had the most favorable attitudes towards contraception, followed by students of health studies, while students of religious sciences had the least favorable attitudes. Student age was negatively related to self-esteem, with older students tending to have lower self-esteem than their younger counterparts (P=0.047). Students of religious sciences and technical studies had significantly lower self-esteem than students of other university components (P<0.001). Conclusion: Students who are more educated about sexual health (medicine and health studies) have more positive attitudes towards the use of contraceptives. Being in a relationship contributes to students’ self-esteem and greater openness in the use of contraceptives in the protection of sexual health. Female students are less prone to double standards when evaluating sexual behavior.