| Abstract | Ciljevi: Usporediti kvalitetu spavanja između žena i muškaraca s temporomandibularnim poremećajem (TMP), procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (OSA) između ispitanika s TMP-om i kontrolnih ispitanika te procijeniti rizik za OSA-u između muškaraca i žena s TMP-om i kontrolnih ispitanika.
Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 33 ispitanika, kojima je u ambulanti za stomatološku protetiku Stomatološke poliklinike u Splitu dijagnosticiran TMP te 35 kontrolnih ispitanika, koji su u navedenom razdoblju dolazili na redovne kontrolne preglede u Ordinaciju dentalne medicine dr. Suzana Bigava Maršić, dr. med. dent. Nakon kliničkog stomatološkog pregleda ispitanici su ispunili upitnik o općim podacima (tjelesna masa i tjelesna visina), a nakon toga Pittsburgh upitnik o procjeni kvalitete spavanja (PSQI) koji mjeri subjektivni osjećaj kvalitete spavanja, Epworthovu ljestvica pospanosti (ESS) za subjektivnu procjenu prekomjerne dnevne pospanosti i upitnik za procjenu rizika / probir za OSA-u (STOP BANG).
Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 68 ispitanika od čega 54 (79,41%) žene i 14 (20,59%) muškaraca. Ispitanici su bili podijeljeni u ispitivanu i kontrolnu skupinu. Prosječna dob ispitanika s TMP-om bila je 38,24±15,38 godine, a kontrolnih ispitanika 33,74±12,25 godina (P=0,119). Indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) i ESS zbroj nisu bili značajno različiti u ispitivanoj i kontrolnoj skupini dok je STOP BANG zbroj pokazao kako ispitivana skupina ima statistički značajno veći rizik za razvoj OSA-e od kontrolne skupine (ispitivana skupina 1,82±1,09 vs. kontrolna skupina 1,14±1,42, P=0,034). Zbroj bodova PSQI upitnika ispitivane skupine bio je značajno veći od zbroja kontrolne skupine (ispitivana skupina 11,91±1,82 bodova vs. kontrolna skupina 3,91±2,47 bodova, P<0,001). Također, valja naglasiti kako je značajno veća prisutnost PSQI obilježja „loše spavanje“ u žena nego u muškaraca (31 žena. 88,57% vs. 4 muškarca, 11,43%, P<0,001). Isto tako prisutnost TMP-a je značajno veća u osoba s PSQI obilježjem „loše spavanje“ nego u osoba s PSQI obilježje „dobro spavanje“ („loše spavanje“ 32 ispitanika, 96,97% vs. „dobro spavanje“ 1 ispitanik, 3,03%, P<0,001).
Zaključak: Ovo istraživanje potvrdilo je rezultate prethodnih, kako ispitanici s TMP-om imaju smanjenu kvalitetu spavanja te veći rizik za razvoj OSA-e. Stoga je odgovarajuće liječenje TMP-a i individualni pristup izuzetno važno za postizanje bolje kvalitete spavanja, ali i kvalitete života takvih osoba. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: To compare sleep quality between women and men with temporomandibular disorder (TMD), to assess the risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) between the subjects with TMD and control subjects, and to assess the risk for OSA between men and women with TMD and control subjects.
Materials and methods: The research involved 33 subjects who were diagnosed with TMD at the Department of Prosthodontics in the Dental Clinic Split, Croatia and 35 control subjects who came for regular check-ups at the Dental office Suzana Bigava Maršić, DMD. After the clinical dental examination, the subjects filled out a questionnaire on general data (body mass and body height), followed by a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) that measures the subjective feeling of sleep quality, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for the subjective assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness and a questionnaire for risk assessment / screening for OSA (STOP BANG).
Results: There were 68 subjectes participating in this research, 54 (79.41%) women and 14 (20.59%) men, divided in the study group (33 subjects with TMD) and the control group (35 control subjects). The mean age of TMD subjects was 38.24±15.38 years and control subjects 33.74±12.25 years (P=0.119). Body mass index (BMI) and ESS sum were not significantly different between the study and control group, while the STOP BANG sum showed that the study group had a statistically higher risk for developing OSA than the control group (study group 1.82±1.09 vs. control group 1.14±1.42, P=0.034). The sum of PSQI survey points in the study group was significantly higher than the sum of the control subjects (study group 11.91±1.82 points vs. control group 3.91±2.47, P<0.001). It should be emphasized that the presence of the PSQI feature "poor sleep" was significantly higher in women than in men (31 women, 88.57% vs. 4 men, 11.43%, P<0.001). Likewise, the presence of TMP was significantly higher in subjects with PSQI feature "poor sleep" than in those with PSQI feature "good sleep" (32 subjects with "poor sleep", 96.97% vs. 1 subject with "good sleep", 3.03%, P<0.001).
Conclusion: This research confirmed the results of the previous ones, that subjects with TMD experience a reduced sleep quality and a higher risk of developing OSA. Therefore, appropriate treatment of TMD and an individual approach are extremely important to achieve a better quality of sleep, but also the quality of life in such persons. |
