Title | EPIDEMIOLOŠKE ZNAČAJKE HEPATITISA B NA PODRUČJU SPLITSKO-DALMATINSKE ŽUPANIJE 1996. - 2010. GODINE |
Author | Maja Ninčević |
Mentor(s) | Zorana Klišmanić (thesis advisor)
|
Abstract | CILJ: U radu su utvrđene epidemiološke značajke hepatitisa B na području Splitsko-dalmatinske županije u razdoblju od 1996.-2010. godine.
USTROJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Ovom povijesnom prospektivnom epidemiološkom studijom provedena je analiza hepatitisa B na području Splitsko-dalmatinske županije u razdoblju od 1996.-2010. godine. Prikazani su podatci o: cijepnom obuhvatu, broju novooboljelih (incidencija) i nositelja HbsAg (prevalencija) po pojedinim godinama navedenog razdoblja, prije i nakon uvođenja obveznog cijepljenja, spolu, dobnim skupinama, te je utvrđeno postoji li razlika u pobolu u odnosu na mjesto stanovanja (priobalje, Zagora, otoci).
MJESTO ISTRAŽIVANJA: Nastavni zavod za javno zdravstvo Splitsko-dalmatinske županije.
SUDIONICI: Svi prijavljeni oboljeli od hepatitisa B i HbsAg nositelji na području Splitsko-dalmatinske županje od 1996.-2010.
REZULTATI: U razdoblju od 1996.-2010. godine ukupno je prijavljeno 277 oboljelih od hepatitisa B na području Splitsko dalmatinske županije. U istom razdoblju prijavljeno je 154 nositelja HBs Ag. Stopa incidencije bila je najviša na početku promatranog razdoblja 1996. godine i iznosila je 13,59 na 100 000 stanovnika, a najniža stopa zabilježena je 2010. godine i iznosila je 1,29/100000. stanovnika. Tijekom cijelog promatranog razdoblja uočava se trend sniženja incidencije. Analizirajući prosječne dobnospecifične stope uočava se da je incidencija najviša u dobnoj skupini od 20-29 godina. Analizom dobnospecifičnih stopa prije (1996.1999.) i nakon uvođenja (1999.-2010.) uočava se statistički najznačajnije sniženje incidencije također u dobnoj skupini od 20-29 godina Prevalencija HbsAg nositelja bilježi blago povišenje kroz promatrano razdoblje. Najviša stopa prevalencije HbsAg nositelja zabilježena je 2007. godine i iznosila je 4,74 na 100.000 stanovnika, a najniža stopa prevalencije 0,86 HbsAg nositelja zabilježena 2002. i 2003. godine. Prosječno je godišnje u promatranom razdoblju prijavljeno 18 bolesnika, s prosječnom godišnjom incidencijom od 3,98 oboljelih od hepatitisa B i 10 nositelja HbsAg, s prosječnom godišnjom prevalencijom od 2,21 HbsAg nositelja u promatranom razdoblju.
ZAKLJUČCI: Hepatitis B još uvijek predstavlja značajan javnozdravstveni problem zbog dokazane veze s cirozom i karcinomom jetre. Uz provođenje općih mjera u suzbijanju i sprječavanju ove bolesti najučinkovitija mjera je cijepljenje sa provjerenim i sigurnim cjepivom. U prilog tome govore i rezultati ovog rada i dokazana statistički značajna razlika u prosječnim stopama incidencije prije i nakon uvođenja obveznog cijepljenja. Najznačajnije sniženje incidencije uočeno je upravo u dobnoj skupini od 20-29 godina u kojoj je i dobnospecifična stopa bila najviša. |
Keywords | Hepatitis B |
Parallel title (English) | EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEPATITIS B IN SPLIT DALMATIAN COUNTY DURING THE PERIOD FROM 1996 TO 2010 |
Granter | University of Split School of Medicine |
Place | Split |
State | Croatia |
Scientific field, discipline, subdiscipline | BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Infectology
|
Study programme type | university |
Study level | integrated undergraduate and graduate |
Study programme | Medicine |
Academic title abbreviation | dr. med. |
Genre | master's thesis |
Language | Croatian |
Defense date | 2012 |
Parallel abstract (English) | OBJECTIVE: This paper identifies the epidemiological features of hepatitis B in Split Dalmatian County in the period from 1996. to 2010.
DESIGN: Throught this historical prospective epidemiologic study, analysis of epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Split Dalmatian County in the period from 1996 to 2010 was conducted.
Information about patients was presented by: vaccinal coverage, number of new cases (incidence) and HBsAg carriers (prevalence) for each year of this period, before and after the introduction of compulsory vaccination, gender, age, and was determined if there is any difference in morbidity in relation to place of residence (coastal, Zagora, islands).
SETTING: Educational Public Health Institute of Split Dalmatian County.
PARTICIPANTS: All reported patients with hepatitis B and HBsAg carriers in Split Dalmatian County from 1996. to 2010.
RESULTS: In period from 1996 to 2010 a total of 277 patients were reported suffering from hepatitis B in Split Dalmatian County. In the same period there were 154 registered carriers of HBs Ag. The incidence rate was highest at the beginning of the observed period in 1996. and totaled 13.59 per 100 000 inhabitants, and the lowest rate recorded was in 2010. and totaled 1.29 per 100,000 inhabitatnts. Throughout the observed period trend of incidence fall is noticed. Analyzing the average age specific rates it can be seen that the highest incidence is in the age group 20-29 years. The analysis of age specific rates before (1996.-1999.), and after the introduction (1999.-2010.) reveals statistically highest incidence fall also in the age group 20-29 years. Prevalence of HBsAg carriers recorded a slight increase in the observed period. Highest prevalence rate of HBsAg carriers was reported in 2007. and amounted to 4.74 per 100,000 population, while the lowest prevalence rate of HBsAg carriers 0.86 was recorded in 2002. and 2003. On average, yearly report was 18 patients, with an average annual incidence of 3.98 patients with hepatitis B and 10 HBsAg carriers, with an average annual prevalence of 2.21 HBsAg carriers in the observed period.
CONCLUSION: Hepatitis B is still a significant public health problem because of the proven links to cirrhosis and liver cancer. With the implementation of general measures to combat and prevent this disease, most effective method is vaccination with proven and safe vaccine. This is corroborated by the results of this study which demonstrated statistically significant difference in incidence rates before and after the introduction of mandatory vaccination. The most significant decrease in incidence was observed in the age group 20-29 years in which the age specific rate was highest. |
Parallel keywords (Croatian) | Hepatitis B |
Resource type | text |
Access condition | Access restricted to students and staff of home institution |
Terms of use |  |
URN:NBN | https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:171:918160 |
Committer | Linda Ivas |