Objectives: The aim of the study was to conclude possible hormetic benefits of alcohol on the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods: This thesis is based on a cross-sectional study from data collected from the 10,001 Dalmatians study. The final sample size for this analysis was 4,850 subjects. The samples consist of three sub-groups, two island groups and one mainland. Alcoholic beverages included white wine, beer, hard liquor, red wine and bevanda (mixture red wine and water). The cardiovascular data block served as the cornerstone for analyses. Analyzed variables included: a) peripheral systolic blood pressure, b) peripheral diastolic blood pressure, c) central systolic blood pressure, d) central diastolic blood pressure, and e) heart rate. Results: A slight decrease in diastolic pressure could be detected with daily consumption of red wine or bevanda at 1dl. Other cardiovascular parameters were not affected and other alcoholic beverages showed no effects. Conclusion: The observed decrease in diastolic blood pressure may well be due to hormetic effects of ethanol, but possibly other red wine ingredients as flavonoids or polyphenols may be responsible. Further studies are warranted in order to determine whether the observed phenomenon is a result of ethanol hormesis. A cross-over design would be the ideal study in order to determine alcohol hormesis, however this study would be very difficult to execute.