| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Cilj navedenog istraživanja je bio istražiti oralnohigijenske i prehrambene navike karakteristične za mediteransku prehranu u bolesnika s kroničnom bubrežnom bolesti (KBB) te njihovu međusobnu povezanost.
Materijali i metode: U istraživanje su uključena 42 bolesnika s KBB (medijan dobi 66,5 (IQR 18,5), 26 (61,9%) muškarca i 16 (38,1 % ) žena. Za sve ispitanike zabilježeni su dob bolesnika i spol, navike pušenja, postojanje šećerne bolesti (ŠB), biokemijski parametri (serumske vrijednosti ureje, kreatinina, hemoglobina, albumina, C-reaktivnog proteina, kalija, kalcija, fosfora, triglicerida, kolesterola-ukupnog, LDL-a (engl. low-density lipoprotein ) i urata) te je izračunana razina glomerularne filtracije (GF) i indeks tjelesne mase (ITM). Za sve ispitanike zabilježeni su i podaci o oralnohigijenskim navikama koje uključuju učestalost pranja zubi i sredstava za održavanje oralne higijene te prisutnost ili odsutnost krvarenja prilikom četkanja i neugodnog zadaha kao i plak indeks (%) i krvarenje pri sondiranju (%). Pridržavanje uputa o prehrambenim navikama provjereno je upitnikom o Mediteranskoj prehrani (MDSS).
Rezultati: Statistički značajno više bolesnika koji peru zube koriste i vodicu za ispiranje usta (P=0,045). Nadalje, učestalost plaka je bila statistički značajno veća u skupini bolesnika s KBB koji ne peru zube (P=0,036), a u skupini bolesnika s KBB koji peru zube statistički značajno više bolesnika pridržava se uputa o unosu voća (P=0,004). Također, bolesnici s KBB koji peru zube imaju statistički značajno viši ukupni MDSS zbroj (P=0,039). Nadalje, postoji statistički značajna pozitivna povezanosti između učestalosti pranja zubi i ukupnog MDSS zbroja (r=0,40, P=0,039) među svim ispitanicima s KBB. Analizirajući učinak pojedinih ispitivanih parametara na prehrambene navike bolesnika s KBB (na ukupni MDSS zbroj) rezultati univarijantne regresijske analize ukazuju kao statistički značajan pozitivan učinak na ukupni MDSS zbroj ima učestalost pranja zubi (P=0,039) te upotreba zubnog konca (P=0,008).
Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja su ukazali na moguću međusobnu povezanost oralno higijenskih i prehrambenih navika bolesnika s KBB. Rezultati budućih prospektivnih istraživanja s većim brojem ispitanika trebala bi dati odgovor može li se modifikacijom preherambenih navika može utjecati na oralno higijenske navike bolesnika s KBB ili se, pak boljim oralno higijenskim navikama mogu mjenjati i prehrambene navike bolesnika s KBB. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: The aim of this study was to discover oral hygiene habits and dietary habits which are characteristic for patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their corelation.
Materials and methods: 42 patients with CKD were included in the study; (median gets 66,5 (IQR 18,5), 26 (61,9 %) men and 16 (38,1 %) women. Information about the age and sex, presence of diabetes melitus (DM), biochemical parameters (serum levels of urea, creatinin, hemoglobin, albumin, C – reactive protein, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL (low density lipoprotein) and urate) were colected and glomerular filtration ratio (GFR) and body mass indeks (BMI) were calculated. For all patients, data about oral hygiene habits, which includes teeth brushing frequency and suplemental oral hygiene products and presence or absence of bleeding during brushing and halitosis, as well as plaque indeks (%) and bleeding on probing were registered. Adherence to dietary habits was determined with a questionnaire regarding Mediterranean diet (MDSS – Mediterranean diet serving score).
Results: There is statistically higher number of CKD patients who brush their teeth and also use mouthwash (P=0,045). Furthermore, plaque indeks was statistically higher in patients who never bush their teeth (P=0,036), while patients who brush their teeth frequently also follow dietary instructions regarding fruit intake (P=0,004). CKD patients who frequently brush their teeth have statistically higher total MDSS (P=0,039). Among CKD patients, the results indicate a statistically significant positive association between teeth brushing frequency and total MDSS (r=0,40, P=0,039). Analyzing the association of single parameters with dietary habits (total MDSS), the results of the study indicate a statistically significant positive effect of teeth brushing frequency (P=0,039) and flossing (P=0,008) on total MDSS.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a possible corelation between oral hygiene habits and dietary habit sin patients suffering from CKD. The results of future prospective researches with larger number of patients should determine if oral hygiene habits can be affected by modifying dietary habits or if better oral hygiene habits could also change dietary habits of CKD patients. |
