| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Usporediti parodontno zdravlje, oralno higijenske navike i kvalitetu života povezanu s oralnim zdravljem studenata prve i pete godine dentalne medicine Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu.
Materijali i metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje. U istraživanje je uključeno ukupno 57 ispitanika; 29 studenata prve godine (medijan dobi 19 (IQR 19-19) i 28 studenata pete godine (medijan dobi 23 (IQR 23,25-23). Za sve ispitanike zabilježeni su anamnestički parodontološki podatci i oralno higijenske navike. Kvaliteta života povezana s oralnim zdravljem procijenjena je pomoću Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) upitnika. Svim ispitanicima napravljen je detaljan klinički pregled te su određeni klinički parodontni indeksi.
Rezultati: Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su da su studenti prve godine dentalne medicine imali bolje parodontno zdravlje u odnosu na studente pete godine gdje su postavljene dijagnoze gingivitisa i parodontitisa (blagi, lokalizirani oblik, PPD do 4 mm) (P<0,01). Nadalje, pokazalo se da su studenti pete godine češće koristili dodatna sredstva za oralnu higijenu, prvenstveno interdentalne četkice (P<0,01) i vodice za ispiranje usta (P<0,04). Veća prisutnost plaka izmjerena je u studenata pete godine u odnosu na prvu godinu (P<0,01).
Logističkom regresijskom analizom pokazano je da su studenti pete godine češće koristili vodice za ispiranje usta (OR=13,29 95 %CI=1,69-104,62 P=0.01), da su češće odlazili na profesionalno čišćenje zubi (OR=11,81 95 %CI=1,96-71,34 P<0,01), da su imali više plaka (OR=1,22 95 %CI=1,07-1,40 P<0,01) i veći indeks krvarenja (OR=1,67 95 %CI=1,12-2,50 P=0,01) . Konačno, s obzirom da su svi ispitanici imali očuvane zube, razlike u kvaliteti života po OHIP-14 upitniku nisu pronađene (P=0,89).
Zaključak: Studenti pete godine su unatoč boljoj educiranosti i osviještenosti o važnosti oralnog zdravlja i oralno higijenskih navika imali lošije parodontno zdravlje. S obzirom na ograničenja studije potrebna su daljnja istraživanja da procijene dodatne parametre kao čimbenike rizika za parodontne bolesti. Češće ponavljanje predavanja o oralno-higijenskim mjerama tijekom cijelog fakultetskog obrazovanja te demonstracija istih (četkanje zubi, korištenje dodatnih sredstava za oralnu higijenu) uvelike bi povećalo samosvijest studenata o važnosti istih i rezultiralo povećanom sviješću o važnosti parodontnog i oralnog zdravlja na završnim godinama studija. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: To compare periodontal health, oral hygiene habits and quality of life related to oral health of first and fifth year students of dental medicine at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Split.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 57 respondents were included in the study; 29 first-year students (median age 19 (IQR 19-19) and 28 fifth-year students (median age 23 (IQR 23: 25-23)). For all subjects, anamnestic periodontal data and oral hygiene habits were recorded. Quality of life related to oral health was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. All subjects underwent a detailed clinical examination and clinical periodontal indices were determined.
Results. The results of this study showed that first-year dental students had better periodontal health compared to fifth-year students diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis (mild, localized form, PPD up to 4 mm) (P<0,01). Furthermore, fifth-year students were found to be more likely to use additional oral hygiene products, primarily interdental brushes (P <0,01) and mouthwashes (P<0,04). A higher presence of plaque was measured in fifth-year students compared to the first year (P <0,01).
Logistic regression analysis showed that fifth-year students used mouthwash more often (OR=13.29 95 %CI=1.69-104.62 P=0.01), that they went to professional teeth cleaning more often (OR=11,81 95 %CI=1,96-71,34 P<0,01), that they had more plaque (OR=1.22 95 %CI=1.07-1.40 P<0.01) and higher bleeding index (OR=1.67 95 %CI=1.12-2.50 P=0.01) . Finally, given that all subjects had preserved teeth, no differences in quality of life according to the OHIP-14 questionnaire were found (P=0.89).
Conclusion: Despite better education and awareness of the importance of oral health and oral hygiene habits, fifth-year students had worse periodontal health. Given the limitations, further research is needed to evaluate additional parameters as risk factors for periodontal disease. More frequent repetition of lectures on oral hygiene measures during the entire college education and their demonstration (tooth brushing, additional use of oral hygiene products) would greatly increase students' self-awareness of the importance of them and result in increased awareness of the importance of periodontal and oral health in the final years of study. |
