| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Cilj ovoga istraživanja je ispitati incidenciju tumora žlijezda slinovnica na Klinici za uho, nos i grlo s kirurgijom glave i vrata i Zavodu za maksilofacijalnu kirurgiju KBC-a Split u razdoblju od 2012. do 2022. godine.
Materijali i metode: Pregledom dokumentacije pacijenata koji su u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2012. godine do 31. prosinca 2022. godine podvrgnuti kirurškom zahvatu na Klinici za uho, nos i grlo s kirurgijom glave i vrata i Zavodu za maksilofacijalnu kirurgiju KBC-a Split pod radnom dijagnozom tumora žlijezda slinovnica ili tumora regije sa sumnjom na neoplazmu žlijezde slinovnice došlo se do brojke od 504 pacijenta. Nakon primjene kriterija isključivanja, u istraživanje su uključena 404 pacijenta kojima su se analizirali sljedeći parametri: spol, dob, lokalizacija tumora, histološki tip tumora.
Rezultati: U promatranom razdoblju od 11 godina dobroćudni tumori žlijezda slinovnica zabilježeni su u 88,05% slučajeva, dok se u preostalih 11,95% slučajeva radilo o zloćudnim tumorima. Tumori su zabilježeni kod ženskog spola u 52,23% slučajeva. Srednja dob
ispitanika bila je 60 godina, pri čemu je najmlađi ispitanik imao 5, a najstariji 85 godina. Muškarci su bili stariji u donosu na žene. Muški spol pokazao se kao rizičan faktor za pojavu tumora parotidne žlijezde (P<0,001), dok su tumori submandibularne žlijezde (P=0,012) i tumori žlijezda slinovnica općenito (P=0,032) bili rjeđi kod muškog spola. Dobiven je statistički značajno veći udio žena u skupini pleomorfnog adenoma (P<0,001), odnosno veći udio muškaraca s tumorom Warthin (P<0,001) i planocelularnim karcinomom (P=0,005).
Najčešća lokalizacija tumora bila je parotidna žlijezda. Najčešći dobroćudni histološki tip tumora bio je pleomorfni adenom u 41,22% slučajeva, dok su adenoidni cistični karcinom i mukoepidermoidni karcinom bili najčešći zloćudni histološi tipovi u 2,2% slučajeva.
Prosječna incidencija tumora žlijezda slinovnica u istraživanom razdoblju od 11 godina iznosila je 4,45/100 000 stanovnika za dalmatinsku regiju, odnosno 0,9/100 000 stanovnika za opću populaciju Republike Hrvatske.
Zaključci: Tumori žlijezda slinovnica češći su kod žena, koje su bile mlađe u odnosu na muškarce. Muškarci su češće obolijevali od tumora parotidne žlijezde, a činili su i veći udio pacijenata oboljelih od tumora Warthin. Žene su češće obolijevale od pleomorfnog adenoma. Najčešća lokalizacija bila je parotidna žlijezda, a najčešći histološki tip tumora pleomorfni adenom. U promatranom razdoblju zabilježen je porast incidencije tumora žlijezda slinovnica. Ovo istraživanje prvo je ovakve vrste provedeno u KBC-u Split te su za bolje razumijevanje tumora žlijezda slinovnica potrebna dodatna istraživanja. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of salivary gland tumors at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital of Split from 2012 to 2022.
Material and methods: The medical records of patients with suspected salivary gland tumors who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital of Split from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2022, were reviewed retrospectively. Out of 504 patients that were identified, 404 patients met the inclusion criteria. Gender, age, histological type and localization of tumors were obtained from clinical records and further analyzed.
Results: During the 11 years reviewed, 88,05% of all salivary gland tumors were benign and 11,95% were malignant. Females accounted for 52,23% of all salivary gland tumors. The median age of the patients was 60 years, with a range from 5 to 85 years. Males were older than females. The most frequent anatomic site was the parotid gland. Male gender was proven to be a risk factor for the occurrence of parotid gland tumors (P<0,001), while submandibular gland tumors (P=0,012) and salivary gland tumors in general (P=0,032) were less common in males. A significantly higher proportion of females was obtained in the pleomorphic adenoma group (P<0,001), that is, a higher proportion of males with Warthin tumor (P<0,001) and squamous cell carcinoma (P=0,005). The most frequent anatomical site was the parotid gland. The most common benign histological type was pleomorphic adenoma, accounting for 41,22% of cases, while the most common malignant histological types were adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, each accounting for 2,2% of cases. The average incidence of salivary gland tumors in the reviewed period of 11 years was 4,45/100,000 inhabitants for the Dalmatian region or 0,9/100,000 inhabitants for the general population of the Republic of Croatia.
Conclusion: Salivary gland tumors are more common in women, who are younger than men.
Men suffered from parotid gland tumors more often and they accounted for a larger proportion of patients with Warthin’s tumor. Women suffered from pleomorphic adenoma more often. The most frequent anatomical site for tumors was the parotid gland and the most common histological type of tumors was pleomorphic adenoma. In the period reviewed, an increase in the incidence of salivary gland tumors was recorded. This research was the first of its kind conducted at the University Hospital of Split, therefore additional research is needed for a better understanding of salivary gland tumors. |
