| Abstract | Ciljevi: Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi postoji li povezanost između indeksa mediteranske prehrane i parametara koji govore o aktivnosti štitne žlijezde (koncentracija TSH, fT4, fT3, Tg, TgAb, TPOAb u serumu ispitanika). Dodatni cilj bio je utvrditi ima li razlike u vrijednostima indeksa mediteranske prehrane između kliničkih skupina (ispitanici s eutireozom, hipotireozom i hipertireozom).
Materijali i metode: U ovo presječno istraživanje uključeni su ispitanici stariji od 18 godina s područja Korčule, Visa i Splita. Konačan broj ispitanika bio je 4620 nakon što su isključeni ispitanici koji uzimaju lijekove za štitnjaču ili su bili podvrgnuti operaciji štitne žlijezde. Koncentracija TSH, fT3, fT4, Tg, TgAb i TPOAb je određena u serumu ispitanika. Indeks mediteranske prehrane određen je iz upitnika o učestalosti konzumacije pojedinih namirnica. Vrijednosti indeksa mediteranske prehrane su uspoređene između kliničkih skupina te korelirane s vrijednostima TSH, fT3, fT4, Tg i protutijela na proteina štitne žlijezde. Dodatno su ove analize korigirane za utjecaj spola i dobi pomoću linearne regresije.
Rezultati: Vrijednosti indeksa mediteranske prehrane su bile značajno više u skupini ženskih ispitanika u odnosu na muške ispitanike (t = 9,779, df = 4493, P < 0,001). Vrijednosti indeksa mediteranske prehrane su bile pozitivno povezane s dobi ispitanika (β = 0,220, SE = 0,062, P < 0,001). Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u vrijednostima indeksa mediteranske prehrane između ispitivanih kliničkih skupina (F5, 4081 = 0,865, P = 0,504). U skupini ispitanika s eutireozom je pokazana značajna pozitivna korelacija fT3 s indeksom mediteranske prehrane (r = 0,058, P = 0,008), dok je u skupini ispitanika sa subkliničkom hipotireozom pokazana značajna pozitivna korelacija indeksa mediteranske prehrane s fT3 (r = 0,189, P = 0,006) i fT4 (r = 0,140, P = 0,014).
Zaključci: Dokazana je pozitivna povezanost vrijednosti fT3 s indeksom mediteranske prehrane u skupini ispitanika s eutireozom te pozitivna povezanost vrijednosti fT3 i fT4 s indeksom mediteranske prehrane kod bolesnika sa subkliničkom hipotireozom. Pokazalo se kako se žene više pridržavaju mediteranske prehrane te da indeks mediteranske prehrane raste s dobi ispitanika. Utvrđeno je kako se mali broj osoba (19,8%) u Dalmaciji pridržava mediteranske prehrane. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: The main goal of this research was to determine if there is a correlation between the adherence to Mediterranean diet (assessed by Mediterranean Diet Serving Score) and parameters indicating thyroid gland activity (concentration of TSH, fT4, fT3, Tg, TgAb and TPOAb in the serum of the subjects). An additional objective was to investigate whether there are differences in the values of the MDSS score among clinical groups of subjects.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants over 18 years of age from the areas of Korčula, Vis, and Split. The final number of participants was 4620 after excluding those taking thyroid medications or undergoing thyroid surgery. Concentrations of TSH, fT3, fT4, Tg, TgAb, and TPOAb were determined in the serum of participants. MDSS score was assessed from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Values of the MDSS score were compared among clinical groups (subjects with euthyroidism, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism), and MDSS score was correlated with the values of TSH, fT3, fT4, Tg, and antibodies to thyroid proteins. Additionally, these analyses were adjusted for the influence of gender and age using linear regression.
Results: Values of the MDSS score were significantly higher in the females compared to males (t = 9.779, df = 4493, P < 0.001). Values of the MDSS score showed a positive association with the age of the participants (β = 0.220, SE = 0.062, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the values of the MDSS score among the examined clinical groups (F5, 4081 = 0.865, P = 0.504). In the group of subjects with euthyroidism, a significant positive correlation was found between fT3 and the MDSS score (r = 0.058, P = 0.008), while in the group of subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism, a significant positive correlation was observed between the MDSS score and fT3 (r = 0.189, P = 0.006) and fT4 (r = 0.140, P = 0.014).
Conclusions: We observed a significant positive correlation between the values of fT3 and the MDSS score in the group of subjects with euthyroidism, and a positive correlation between the values of fT3 and fT4 and the MDSS score in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. It was demonstrated that women adhere more to the Mediterranean diet, and the MDSS score increases with the age of the participants. A small percentage of individuals (19.8%) in Dalmatia adhere to the Mediterranean diet. |
