Aim: The aim of this research is to investigate whether there is a difference in the incidence of oral candidiasis in participants suffering from erosive oral lichen planus (OLP) in comparison to participants with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) pursuant to clinical findings and mycological swabs of oral mucosa. The second aim of this research is to determine whether there is a difference in the amount of unstimulated (Qs) and stimulated (Qss) saliva secretion between the two sample groups. Materials and methods: The research includes 20 participants with OLP that form a test group and 20 participants with BMS that form a control group. After the clinical examination of the oral cavity, all participants were subjected to a mycological swab of oral mucosa, and the amount of unstimulated (Qs), and then stimulated (Qss) saliva was determined by the method of sialometry. Results: A total of 18 (90%) participants with OLP and 17 (85%) participants with BMS tested negative to the mycological swab of the oral cavity, whereas 19 (95%) participants with OLP and 18 (90%) with BMS had regular clinical findings with no pathological changes in the oral cavity which would indicate candidiasis. The difference in the incidence of candidiasis between the two sample groups did not appear to be statistically significant (p=0,500). 13 participants (65%) with OLP and 12 participants (60%) with BMS had a reduced amount of unstimulated saliva (Qs ≤ 2,0 ml/5min) secretion, and the difference between the sample groups was also not statistically significant (p=0.675). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, we can conclude that there is no significant difference between the two sample groups regarding the incidence of the oral candidiasis. Although an increase in the incidence of dryness of the oral cavity was noticed in both groups following the results of sialometry, a statistically significant difference between the groups has not been confirmed.