| Abstract | Cilj: Učestalost bruksizma je tijekom posljednjih godina u porastu. Populacija u kojoj je učestalost bruksizma posebno naglašena su studenti. Osim toga, studenti su tijekom studiranja izloženi većem stresu koji može utjecati na bruksizam. Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su: procijeniti učestalost bruksizma u studenata Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu, ispitati postoji li razlika u učestalosti bruksizma s obzirom na spol, ispitati postoji li razlika u učestalosti bruksizma između različitih studijskih programa i različitih godina studija, ispitati razinu stresa kojoj su studenti izloženi i ispitati postoji li povezanost između bruksizma i stresa.
Materijali i metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovao ukupno 691 student triju integriranih studija Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika 497 su bile studentice i 194 studenti. Ispitanici su ispunili anketni upitnik koji je objedinio pitanja o prisutnosti/odsutnosti bruksizma temeljena na Fonnseca upitniku o bruksizmu i poremećajima temporomandibularnih zglobova, pitanja o razini stresa kojoj su studenti izloženi i koja su temeljena na upitniku Girdina i suradnika te pitanja o izvorima stresa temeljena prema upitniku Psihološkom savjetovališnom centru riječkog Sveučilišta.
Rezultati: Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su kako postoji učestalost bruksizma od 41,4% u populaciji studenata uz razliku u učestalosti prema spolu. Najveća učestalost bruksizma bila je prisutna na Studiju medicine na engleskom jeziku (59%). Također postoji razlika u učestalosti bruksizma između različitih godina studija te na prvoj godini iznosi 41,35%, na drugoj godini 37,4%, na trećoj godini 37,1%, na četvrtoj godini 39,6%, na petoj godini 51%, na šestoj godini 44,1%. Pod normalnom razinom stresa je 62,1% studenata dok je 37,8% pod visokom razinom stresa uz srednju vrijednost razine stresa prikazane medijanom od 23 i uz interkvartilni raspon 19-26. Od triju studija Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu studenti Studija medicine na engleskom jeziku su u najvećoj mjeri izloženi visokoj razini stresa (57,3%). Učestalost bruksizma i visoka razina stresa prate jednak obrazac ponašanja tijekom godina studija gdje je tijekom prvih triju godina studija najveći broj studenata koji imaju bruksizam i koji su pod visokom razinom stresa što je u skladu s većom izloženosti određenim stresorima, dok je kroz posljednje tri godine studija broj studenata koji imaju bruksizam i koji su pod visokom razinom stresa manji što je u skladu s manjom izloženosti određenim stresorima. Događaji prilikom kojih su ispitanici primijetili da škripe i/ili stišću zubima su trenuci izloženosti stresu (25,2%), kada su ljutiti (24%), tijekom maksimalne koncentracije u radu (16,1%) i kada su umorni (3,8%).
Zaključak: Temeljem rezultata utvrđeno je kako je visoka učestalost bruksizma prisutna u populaciji studenata Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Splitu te da je bruksizam učestaliji u studentica. Uz to postoji razlika u učestalosti bruksizma između triju studijskih programa uz najveću učestalost na Studiju medicine na engleskom jeziku. Različite vrijednosti učestalosti bruksizma prisutne su među različitim godinama studija. Većina studenata je izložena normalnoj razini stresa, dok je nešto više od trećine studenata izložena visokoj razini stresa. Postoji povezanost stresa i bruksizma te visoka razina stresa prati i veću učestalost bruksizma. |
| Abstract (english) | Objective: The prevalence of bruxism has increased over the last few years. Generally, students are the most affected population with prevalence of bruxism. In addition, students are exposed to greater stress during academic life, which may affect bruxism. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of bruxism among students, to examine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of bruxism regarding the gender, to examine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of bruxism among different study programs and different years of study, to examine the level of stress the students are exposed to and to examine if there is connection between bruxism and stress.
Materials and methods: This study involved a total number of 691 students of three integrated studies at the University of Split School of Medicine. Of the total number of respondents, 497 were female students and 194 male students. Respondents completed a survey questionnaire that combined questions about the presence / absence of bruxism based on the Fonnseca's questionnaire, questions about the level of stress that students are exposed to (Girdano and associates) as well as the questions about sources of stress based on the questionnaire of Psychological Counseling Center of the University of Rijeka.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is a prevalence of bruxism of 41.4% in the student population, with the difference in frequency with gender. The highest prevalence of bruxism occured in students of Medical Studies in English (59%). There is also a difference in the frequency of bruxism between different years of study in amount of 41.4% for the first year, 37.4% for the second year, 37.1% for the third year, 39.6% for the fourth year, 51% for the fifth year, 44.1% for the sixth year. There are 62.1% of students under normal stress levels, while 37.8% are under high stress levels with mean levels of stress shown in a median of 23 and with interquartile range 19-26. Among three studies at the University of Split School of Medicine, students of Medical Studies in English are mostly exposed to high stress levels (57.3%). The frequency of bruxism and high levels of stress follow the same pattern of behavior during the years of study. During the first three years results showed the largest number of students who have bruxism and are under a high level of stress, which is in accordance with higher exposure to certain stressors. During the last three years of study the number of students who have bruxism and who are under high level of stress is lower, which is in accordance with the lower exposure to certain stressors. Events in which respondents noted that they clench and/or grind their teeth were moments of stress (25.2%), when they were angry (24%), during the maximum concentration at work (16.1%) and when they were tired (3.8%).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it was found that the higher prevalence of bruxism is present in the student population at the University of Split School of Medicine and that bruxism is more frequent in female students. There is also a difference in the prevalence of bruxism among the three study programs with the highest prevalence in students of Medical Studies in English. Different values of the prevalnce of bruxism are present among the various years of study. Most students are exposed to normal stress levels, while third of students are exposed to high levels of stress. There is a connection between stress and bruxism, and high levels of stress are accompanied by a higher frequency of bruxism. |
