Due to the relatively low response rate and modest outcomes of immunotherapy targeting checkpoint inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic laryngeal cancer, we need more precise patient selection, along with more efficient predictive and prognostic biomarkers. A retrospective analysis of epidemiological data was conducted on the population of patients who were diagnosed, treated, or monitored at the University Hospital Split from January 1 2015, to December 31 2018. Total of 91 patients were included in the analysis. The results showed a high proportion of patients with primary lesions of the glottic area (approximately 80%) and advanced stages (approximately 50%) of the disease at diagnosis. In most cases, patients were treated surgically (> 60%). Approximately 60% of patients were treated adjuvantly, depending on the risk factors. The recurrence rates and dissemination of the disease rates were low (4.4% and 5.5%, respectively), in contrast to the occurrence of a second primary tumor in 23.1% of patients. The location of the primary tumor (glottis), stage of the disease (stages III and IV), and lymph node status (N2 and N3) had a statistically significant effect on overall survival. Only N stage independently had a significant effect on overall survival, with a 7.0-fold (p=0.0004) higher risk of death in N2 and N3 disease, as well as disease-free survival, with a 5.3 times (p=0.0011) higher risk of the disease recurrence. In advanced disease stages (stages III and IV), surgical treatment compared to the organ preservation protocol resulted in a significantly longer overall survival (p=0.0290) as well as survival without signs of disease (p=0.0388). Despite the advanced stage of the disease at diagnosis, the median five-year survival as well as overall survival were not reached. The median disease-free survival was 7 years. Fifty-nine tumor tissue samples from surgically treated patients were immunohistochemically stained for STING, cGAS expression, and immune infiltration. Elevated tumor cell-intrinsic STING expression was positively associated with stage IV, pT3, pT4, and pN+ laryngeal cancers, and with higher histological grades (G2 and G3). Elevated STING expression was significantly associated with stage IV cancer in a multiple logistic regression model (β=1.849, SE=±0.8643, P=0.0324). The results of this study showed that there is an elevated expression of the STING protein specific to tumor cells in tissue samples of laryngeal carcinoma in advanced stages of the disease, which distinguishes laryngeal carcinoma 106 from other malignant tumors of head and neck origin. This could be important for the development and introduction of new therapeutic options for treating these patients.