Objectives: The aim of the research is to analyze in detail the killed participants in road accidents, and to determine the general characteristics of the respondents, the cause of death and the pattern, prevalence and significance of injuries by region of the body among different participants in road accidents. Materials and methods: The study was organized as a retrospective study. The materials were obtained on the one hand by the Split-Dalmatia county Police Department and the Traffic Police of the City of Split, and on the other from the autopsy findings of the Clinical Institute of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology of the Clinical Hospital Center Split. The data include the date of the accident, age, gender, role of participants in the accident, vehicle type, pathoanatomical diagnoses and cause of death of the injured person. The research included all those autopsied cases of fatal traffic accidents victims in the city of Split over a 10-year period from 2008 to 2017. The data were processed using the descriptive statistics method. The Paerson χ2 test, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used with the selected statistical significance level P <0.05. Results: The study included 47 fatalities in traffic accidents. Male (91.7%) drivers (83.3%) predominate in the younger age group ( <24 years) while pedestrians (91.7%) predominate in the older group (> 65 years). Multiple injuries, with 36 cases, are the leading cause of death in road traffic accident victims. No statistically significant difference was found between multiple injuries and other fatal injuries among pedestrians (divided according to the vehicle they were hit by), neither among motorists and motorcycle drivers, nor among drivers and passengers of passenger vehicles. The most common injuries in road accidents are superficial (4.8 injuries per participant), followed by bone injuries (4.0 injuries per participant) and ultimately visceral injuries (3.3 injuries per participant). Surface injuries are most prevalent among motorcyclist deaths (107 injuries, 47.3%), and bone and visceral injuries among pedestrian injuries. (76 injuries, 40.4% and 76 injuries, 49.7%). All three categories of injuries are the most prevalent in the head area, only with different road accident participants. Specifically, bone and superficial injuries are most common in the head area (28.2% and 19.0%) of motorcycle injuries (45.2% and 39.5%), while visceral injuries are primarily present in the head area (37.9 %) of pedestrians killed (43.1%). The research indicates that in the observed regions of the body, as a rule, the same injuries always stand out in number, regardless of the participant of the traffic accident. Pedestrians suffer significantly more frequent injuries to the head, chest, upper and lower extremities, and spine and pelvis, while pedestrians killed by a motorcycle have significant injuries to the head and upper extremities. In motorcycle riders, injuries in all observed regions of the body are statistically significant, and in motorcycle passengers, injuries to the head, chest, abdomen and upper extremities are significantly common. Passenger car drivers suffered significantly more frequent injuries to the chest, upper and lower extremities, and spinal and pelvic injuries, while occupants of the passenger vehicle were susceptible to significant upper and lower extremity injuries. Conclusion: Knowing the general characteristics of injured road accident participants can help create national programs targeting vulnerable road users. Knowledge of the patterns, prevalence and significance of injuries among different participants will shorten the time of diagnosis and treatment of injuries, thereby helping physicians to reduce road accident deaths.