Title Povezanost prehrane bogate voćem i povrćem s dijabetesom tipa 2 u populaciji Dalmacije Title (english) The association between a diet rich in fruit and vegetables and type 2 diabetes in the population of Dalmatia Author Mirta Jukić Mentor Ivana Kolčić (mentor)Committee member Iris Jerončić Tomić (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Ingrid Tripković (član povjerenstva) Committee member Joško Božić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Split Defense date and country 2018, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Cilj istraživanja: Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati obrasce konzumacije namirnica biljnog podrijetla, posebice voća, povrća, krumpira i mahunarki, te ih povezati s povišenom koncentracijom glukoze na tašte, povišenom vrijednosti HbA1c i pretilosti.
Materijali i metode: Presječnim istraživanjem obuhvaćeno je 4.854 ispitanika koji su podijeljeni u 3 skupine s obzirom na mjesto stanovanja i područje u kojem je istraživanje provedeno. Podaci su prikupljeni u okviru projekta „Pleitropija, genske
... More mreže i putevi uizoliranim ljudskim populacijama: 10.001 Dalmatinac“ (HRZZ projekt 8875). U istraživanje su uključeni dobrovoljci iz grada Splita (N=1.010), s otoka Korčule(N=2.823) i otoka Visa (N=1.021).Za procjenu prehrambenih navika korišten je upitnik o frekvenciji konzumacije 55 različitih vrsta namirnica koje se tipično jedu na području Dalmacije. Ispitanici su mogli odgovoriti kako namirnicu ili skupinu namirnica jedu svaki dan, 2-3 puta tjedno, jednom tjedno, jednom mjesečno, rijetko ili nikada. Za procjenu načina prehrane koji se smatra tradicionalnom mediteranskom prehranom, korišten je MDSS zbroj (engl. Mediterranean Diet Serving Score). Konzumacija namirnica biljnog podrijetla procijenjena je odvojeno za povrće (lisnato, korjenasto, cvjetasto i plodasto), krumpir, svježe voće i mahunarke. Povišenom vrijednosti glukoze natašte smatrala se ona ≥7,0 mmol/L, dok je povišena vrijednost HbA1c bila ≥6,5 mmol/L. U analizi podataka korišten je χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis test i multivarijatna logistička regresija. Razina statističke značajnosti postavljena je na P<0,05.
Rezultati: U logističkoj regresiji, koja je kontrolirala na učinak spola, dobi, pripadnosti skupini prema mjestu stanovanja, obrazovanja, ITM-a, pušenja, tjelesne aktivnost, konzumacije alkohola, prisutnost kroničnih bolesti i indeksa mediteranske prehrane, pronađena je povezanost između ukupne konzumacije povrća i pretilosti (ITM ≥ 30kg/m2): za 1 vrstu svaki dan (OR=0,524; CI 95% 0,308-0,894; P=0,018); 2 ili više vrsta nekoliko puta tjedno (OR=0,552; CI 95% 0,330-0,924; P=0,024) i 1 vrstu nekoliko puta tjedno (OR=0,557; CI 95% 0,329-0,942; P=0,029). Nadalje, svakodnevna konzumacija krumpira se pokazala kao čimbenik povezan s GUK ≥ 7,0 mmol/L (OR= 1,512; CI 1,009-2,265; P=0,045) te HbA1c ≥6,5 mmol/L (OR= 1,708; CI 95% 1,005-2,901; P=0,048), a konzumacija voća 2-3 puta tjedno bila je povezana s manjim rizik za prisutnost povišene vrijednosti glukoze na tašte (OR=0,665; CI 95% 0,432-0,993; P=0,046). Nepridržavanje mediteranske prehrane istaknulo se kao čimbenik povezan s pretilošću (OR 1,357; 95% CI 1,085-2,705; P <0,001) i HbA1c ≥6,5 mmol/L (OR 0,699; 95% CI 0,491-0,996; P 0,047) dok su povišena tjelesna masa (ITM ≥25 kg/m2) i pretilost (ITM ≥30 kg/m2) bili povezani s povišenim vrijednostima glukoze i HbA1c.
Zaključak: Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja na ovu temu, ali su potrebni i intenzivniji napori u promoviranju prehrane s visokim udjelom voća i povrća, ne samo kao terapijske mogućnosti u već oboljelih, nego, još i važnije, kao preventivni pristup za osiguranje zaštite zdravlja populacije Dalmacije. Less Abstract (english) Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether there is a link between consumption of plant derived food groups, especially vegetables, potatos, legumes and fruits, with raised levels of fasting glucose, HbA1c and obesity, in the population of Dalmatia.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study included 4,854 patients who were divided according to the area where study was conducted. Data was collected (u okviru projekta „Pleitropija, genske mreže i putevi uizoliranim ljudskim
... More populacijama: 10.001 Dalmatinac“ (HRZZ projekt 8875).) Volunteers came from city of Split (N=1.010), island of Korčula (N=2.823) and island of Vis (N=1.021). To evaluate the eating habits of participians, we used a food frequency questioner which includes 55 different foodstuffs tipically consumed in the territory of Dalmatia. Respondents could choose between consumption od daily basis; 2-3 times a week; once a month and rarely-or-never. To evaluate the eating pattern considered as traditional mediterranean diet, we used MDSS score (Mediterranean Diet Serving Score). Also, we evaluated the consumption of each plant derived foods separately – fruits, legumes, potatos and vegetables (green leafy, cruciferous, „plodasto“ vegetables and roots). Blood test fasting glucose values higher than 7 mmol/L and HbA1c values higher than 6,5 mmol/L were considered as elevated. In analyzing the data, we used χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis test and multivariate logistic regression. The level of significance was set at P < 0,05.
Results: In logistic regression, controlled by the effect of gender, age, belonging to a cohort of subjects (according to the place of collection of the sample), education (measured by number of completed grade school), BMI, physical activity,smoking, alcohol consumption, the presence of chronical ilness and MDSS, a link bewteen vegetable consumption and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) was found: for 1 type of vegetables on daily basis (OR=0,524; CI 95% 0,308-0,894; P=0,018); 2 or more types, several times a week (OR=0,552; CI 95% 0,330-0,924; P=0,024); and 1 type several times a week (OR=0,557; CI 95% 0,329-0,942; P=0,029). Furthermore, potato consumption on daily basis had a positive correspodence with fasting glucose levels higher than 7 mmol/L (OR= 1,512; CI 1,009-2,265; P=0,045) and HbA1c higher than 6,5 mmol/L (OR= 1,708; CI 95% 1,005-2,901; P=0,048). On the other hand, fruit had a protective effect on glucose and HbA1c values if consumed 2-3 times a week (OR=0,665; CI 95% 0,432-0,993; P=0,046). Not following a mediterranean diet was linked with obesity (OR 1,357; 95% CI 1,085-2,705; P <0,001) and HbA1c ≥6,5 mmol/L (OR 0,699; 95% CI 0,491-0,996; P 0,047). Adiposity (BMI ≥25kg/m2) and obesity (BMI≥ 30kg/m2) were linked with high levels of fasting glucose and HbA1c.
Conclusion: This topic requires further research. Also, there is a need for intensification of efforts of promoting a diet with high consumption of fruits and vegetables, not only as therapeutic option for the already ill, but, more importantly, as preventive approach to ensure the protection of health in the population of Dalmatia. Less Keywords
Prehrana
Prehrambene navike
Šećerna bolest tipa 2
Indeks tjelesne mase
Glukoza u krvi
Glikirani hemoglobin A
Keywords (english)
Diet
Feeding Behavior
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Body Mass Index
Blood Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin A
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:171:987615 Study programme Title: Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-10-30 12:14:34
